inverter as a sine energy generating function using direct DC signal and IC 555 to CD4047 AMNIMARJESLOW GOVERNMENT 91220017 LOR EL TRANS SIGNAL EL ENERGY LCLAR 02096010014 XWAM $$ '

                                                   GENERATOR  INVERTER
                                 

                                        Basic Concept of Square Wave Inverter
     

inverter as a sine energy generating function using DC direct signal and IC 555 in everyday life not infrequently we want to change the frequency of AC signal as well if power outages and remote area that does not enter AC power source then we use batteries or batteries through or through inverter to turn on load at home or electric machine that works in AC signal (back and forth) examples of machine lamps pump washing machine etc

Inverter is a circuit that serves to change the input voltage direct current (DC) into a voltage output voltage back and forth (AC) a large voltage and the frequency can be adjusted as desired. In industrial applications, inverters are widely used such as the adjustment of AC motor speed, industrial heating, or uniterruptible power supply (UPS). Here is a basic concept of a simple square wave inverter.

The basic concept of Square wave DC to AC inverter basically as in the picture above. If the position S1 and S2 on A, the load L gets a positive voltage, and vice versa if S1 and S2 in B, L load gets positive voltage from different direction. Thus if switching switches S1 and S2 alternately will generate alternating voltages, with amplitude determined by the size of the source, and the frequency is determined by the switching of the switch 

 

   Simple Inverter circuit IC NE555 

 

  

Component Parts List:
R1 = 10K
R2 = 100K
R3 = 100 ohm
R4 = 50K Linear Potensiometer
C1,C2 = 0.1uF
C3 = 0.01uF
C4 = 2700uF
Q1 = TIP41A, NPN, or equivalent transistor
Q2 = TIP42A, PNP, or equivalent transistor
L1 = 1uH
T1 = Filament transformer, your choice
This simple 12VDC to 220VAC inverter circuit produces an AC output at line frequency and voltage. The 555 is configured as a low-frequency oscillator, tunable over the frequency range of 50 to 60 Hz by Frequency potentiometer R4. The 555 feeds its output (amplified by Q1 and Q2) to the input of transformer T1, a reverse-connected filament transformer with the necessary step-up turns ratio. Capacitor C4 and coil L1 filter the input to T1, assuring that it is effectively a sine wave. Adjust the value of T1 to your voltage.
The power output (in watts) is up to you by selecting different components, expecially for the transistor and the transformer.
Input voltage is anywhere from +5V to +15Volt DC, adjust the 2700uF capacitors working voltage accordingly.
Replacement types for Q1 are: TIP41B, TIP41C, NTE196, ECG196, etc. Replacement types for Q2 are: TIP42B, TIP42C, NTE197, ECG197, etc. Please feel free to use another type of similar specs

In this DC To AC Inverter circuit the NE555 IC is set to an astable multivibrator with an output frequency of 50Hz. The astable multivibrator is a multivibrator that has two states but is unstable in one state for a moment and then moves to another, where the astable multifibrator settles for a moment before moving back to its original state. This state of motion in the continuous astable multivibrator output produces a rectangular wave with a very rapid rise time. Since no input signal is required to obtain an output, the astable multivibrator is sometimes called a free running multivibrator.
The output of the NE555 is used to provide input power inverters consisting of NPN transistors and PNP TIP41 and TIP42. The two transistors work in turn, and are called Push Pull Transistors. The effect of this transistor makes the oscillation motion on the transformer causing the movement of alternating current. Then, using the Step Up transformer the magnitude of the voltage on the primer will be amplified (raised) on the secondary part of the transformer, then the 220v AC voltage is formed

                 


     

Simple Inverter Circuit using IC 555

Inverter Circuits are very helpful during the power cuts and for portable power source. If the load connected to the inverter circuit is very small means we don’t need pure sine wave inverter or bulk inverter with high power. We can create simple small inverter circuit to handle low power devices.
Inverter Circuit using IC555

Construction & Working

The timer IC555 is used as a switching pulse oscillator and it is the main part in this circuit, IC 555 configured as Astable Multivibrator to give continuous switching pulse, two switching transistors TIP41A (NPN) and TIP42A (PNP) drives the transformer T1 according to the pulse input at the base. The transformer T1 is 230V primary to 9V secondary but connected in reverse, So it can react as step up transformer. We can apply +5V to +15V DC bias to this circuit and get 110V to 230V AC with 50Hz to 60Hz frequency but output may not pure sine wave as the PWM inverter output, it gives only pulsated AC.
The output frequency of this circuit can be varied by varying VR1 resistor.

Use this formula to calculate the output AC supply and frequency, here R2 = R2+VR1 from given circuit. Use heat sink for Transistors to avoid over heat, Use 1 A to 1.5A transformer.


How Switching Inverter works?


Lets consider the transformer with less primary and more secondary winding, for example 230V AC primary to 9V AC secondary used in reverse now less winding side becomes primary and more winding side becomes secondary. DC bias is applied in one terminal and -Ve or ground connected in another pin through switching device, when the switch is ON primary winding gets DC bias, when the switch is OFF primary winding disconnected from the DC bias, by the way 50Hz switching pulse drives the switching device so the winding gets discrete DC bias, magnetic flux produced from the primary winding induces more coil secondary so the high voltage EMF induced at secondary.

                                  IC 555 inverter circuit using mosfet
to show you a IC 555 inverter circuit. Which it is easy and small size. Because use IC 555 and MOSFET as main.
This circuit I experiment it work well,When use source is 12V battery will have output of 100 watts.The principle of circuit.
I think many people does not like read many word or long reading.

DC voltage from a battery converts into AC voltage by an oscillator, but it is low current. So we use power switching as such power transistor or power mosfet. Now we have 12V AC voltage that high current. Next step we use a transformer to boost up voltage into 220V AC to apply load.

In the Figure 1 is completely circuit diagram of this project. I use IC-NE555 timer is a square wave frequency generator output of 50Hz. The frequency is determined with R2-resistor and C1-capacitor which we set is 50Hz output. Then we use both N-type Mosfet IRF540 (Q2,Q3) as Driver a transformer coil (primary winding). The current of Pin 3 of IC1 will flow two ways, first through R3 to gate of Q2 and, second ways will flow to Q1-transistor BC549 as inverter logic form to reverse signal difference first ways. Next current flow to gate of Q3 to also dirver the transformer. Them cause have AC voltage of 220V to 250V as voltage of battery source 12V to 14.4V.

Figure1
-The transformer I use 2A current and 12V input at output power more than 100 watts.
-I selected IRF540 number because it cheaper and can use for N CHANNEL POWER MOSFET, 100V, 27A, TO-220 easy to mounting on heatsink and easy to use than power transistor. we can use smaller heatsink than a transistor, it not too heat.
The component list.
IC1_______NE555 timer IC__________________________ = 1 pcs.
Q1________BC549___NPN 40V 0.5A transistors________ = 1 pcs.
Q2,Q3_____IRF540___N CHANNEL POWER MOSFET, 100V, 27A, TO-220______ = 2 pcs.
C1,C2_____0.1uF 100V mylar capacitors_____________________________ = 2 pcs.
R1________ 4.7K 0.5W resistor___________________________________ = 1 pcs.
R2________120K 0.5W resistor___________________________________ = 1 pcs.
R3,R4_______1K______”______”______________________________________ = 2 pcs.
R5________5.6K______”______”______________________________________ = 1 pcs.
T1________2A 12V__CT__12V transformer_____________________________ = 1 pcs.
Heatsink 

How to builds and application
This projects I assemble components on an universal PCB board. As Figure 2 while it operated will a little hot so use enough heatsink.

Figure 2
note: The electrolytic capacitors is 470uf 50V. I put it to filter smooth current. It do not need, if you use 12V battery 10Ah because it is stable power current source.
Then inspect circuit for error. Please watch video below.

We test it with 100 watt at output, then apply 12V battery source.Volts battery less reduce and Lamp glow while AC voltage output is 190V. as source drop. and We check wavefrom is square wave as show on scope.
Note:
Ideally if you need fully 100watts output.
You need you 8A transformer because input watts = output watts = 100watts
Thus primary coil voltage of transformer is 12V at 100watts
Current input = 8A of transformer.
If its not working
I feel uneasy If you build this project It does not work.
First, you need to review well before the pin of the IC, resistors, capacitors And the important is to connect the MOSFET.
View the IRF540 legs use it properly.
Second, should not connect the power cord to the transformer and mosfet.
, and check it frequently generator of IC-555 pin 3 before may be use voltmeter measure voltage across pin 3 and ground.
or use surely oscilloscope to watch waveform. 



 
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF SIMPLE INVERTER








COMPONENTS USED IN SIMPLE INVERTER CIRCUIT

IC1 - NE555
Q1 - TIP 41A(NPN)
Q2 - TIP 42A(PNP)
T - Stepup Transformer
R1 - 10KΩ
R2 - 150KΩ
C - 0.1μF
C1 - 0.01μF
C2 - 2700μF
 
 
Four CD4047 Inverter circuits 60W-100W 12VDC to 220VAC



This is three CD4047 inverter circuit can convert 12VDC to 220VAC 50HZ we use IC-4047 for oscillator and transistors driver the transformers to output. we have 3 circuits you can builds easy with PCB


1. 100 watts Inverter using IC-4047,IRF540
This is inverter 100W circuit, use IC 4047 alike inverter 100W transistor I use Mosfet IRF540 instead Transistor 2N3055.
It good Idae, power output 100W from transformer 2-3A.
Read detail more in circuit.


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2.Square wave Inverter using CD4047,LM358,2SC1061,2N3055
This is AC Inverter. Input 12VDC from car battery to output 220V AC 50Hz or 60Hz at Square wave signal.
The main part is IC CD4047 (or IC 4047 Series) and IC-LM358 and Transistor 2SC1061 and 2N3055.
The transformer is 12V-012V Primary : 220V Secondary.
and current 3A up for power output than 100W.
Note:
C1 = 0.1uf metalized-film capacitor, 5% tolerance.
R1 = 47K for 50Hz output, 39K for 60Hz output.


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3.100W Inverter by IC-4047,2N3055
This is 100W Power Inverter that input voltage is 12V (CAR battery)
to output volt 220V AC 50HZ. It is easy circuit because less component to use.
It is used IC CD4047 Square wave Oscillator 50HZ and
Power Transistor 2N3055 x 2 For driver a transformer 220V AC to OUTPUT Power 100W min.

Circuit Inverter 100W by IC 4047 + 2N3055

PCB Inverter 100W by IC 4047 + 2N3055
Source: 97 Electron Circuits
The components lists
IC1-CD4047
VR1-220K___potentiometer
Cx_0.01uF-0.022uF__Ceramic capacitors
ZD1____9V__0.5W__Zener didoe

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60 watts DC to AC converters circuit using IC-4047
This is a small AC inverter. There are very small amounts. For the experimental study. Because low power of around less than a 60 watt only. However, you still can get a good basic circuit course.
This circuit we use an IC-4047 as astable/monostable multivibrator that low power is main of circuit

In the operation of circuit. To change the 12 volts direct current into AC electricity of 245 volts. Based on circuit in Figure 1 this. IC1 is connected to the astable multivibrator. There is a Square wave signal appear at output pin + Q and-Q on Symmetric form. Then is amplified by dual Darlington transistors T1(BD699) and T2(BD699) , and after then is send to Primary winding of the transformer low voltage (2x10v 60 VA)
The output of 245 volts at the secondary winding of the transformer with a frequency between 50 – 400 Hz, depending on the P1.
The transformer is use in small size input 9 – 10 volts to 220 – 250 volts at a current of 1 Ampere.



             Inverter 12V to 220V 100W by Transistor

This circuit is 100 watt power inverter using power transistor 2N3055. It is designed for you that need to use appliances at outdoor or no electrical places. Someone use it in car or the high mountain etc.
The maximum output power of this circuit about 100 watts, it is suitable for a normal lighting (all home lamps), also used for radio, mini TV, stereo or someone use it for
How it works
From the schematic diagram in Figure 1 this circuit will include of 4 main section are:
1. The transistors Q1,Q2 act as the frequency oscillator circuit.
2. Both transistors Q3,Q4 act as the frequency divider circuit
3. The Q5,Q6 act as the driver circuit.
4. The Q7,Q8 act as the output circuit.
Let’s look at to both transistors Q1,Q2 will be connected together as the astable multivibrator form. It will generate the output frequency about 100 Hz at the collector lead of Q2. Then this signal will sent to the two frequency divider makes the frequency is reduced down about 50Hz
Cause we don’t design the circuit to directly work at 50 Hz. Because the generating the steady low frequency is very hard.
The output from divider circuit is sent to base of Q5,Q6. To increase current up to drive the output transistors Q7,Q8, then drive the transformer, finally to supply load.
Note:
1. Normally, use the 2-3A transformers for 20-30watt for the incandescent lamp. But use need 100watt use must use 8A transformer so expensive for me.
2. The primary coil of transformer use may use 9V CT 9V or 10V ct 10V or 12V ct 12V.
Which normal I use 12V ct 12V makes the output voltage about AC 220V (no load). But there is load voltage will reduce to AC190V
3.This circuit will has output as square wave form. So cannot use for inductor load.
4. This transformer, we may use secondary coil is the output voltage as you need, example we connects to the power amplifier that use AC 24 volts so we use AC 24V secondary coil etc.
How to builds.
It is like all our projects. To begin with make the PCB or you can use the universal PCB. Then, assemble all part on PCB as Figure 2. Next check all for error. Check again and check again.
Then apply the 12V 10A battery to this circuit and use the voltmeter to measure AC voltage output. Next connects load to the circuit.

Figure 1 Circuit diagram of Inverter 12V to 220V 100W by Transistor

Figure 2 PCB layout and components layouts of the 100 Watts Inverter, 12V to 220V by Transistors
Parts you will need
Q1-Q4______BC557___45V 100mA PNP Transistor
Q5,Q6______BD139___80V 1.5A NPN Transistor
Q7,Q8______2N3055___100V, 15A, 115W, >2,5MHz NPN transistor
D1,D2,D3,D4_____1N4148______75V 150mA Diodes
D5,D6_______1N4007 __1000V 1A Diodes
R1,R4,R6,R7_________10K___1/2W Resistors tolerance: 5%
R2,R3___________150K______1/2W Resistors tolerance: 5%
R5,R6___________ 47K______1/2W Resistors tolerance: 5%
R9,R12__________ 220 ohms 1/2W Resistors tolerance: 5%
R10,R13_________ 560 ohms 1/2W Resistors tolerance: 5%
R11, R14________ 100K ____1/2W Resistors tolerance: 5%
R15, R16________ 10 ohms__10W Resistors tolerance: 5%
R17, R18________ 150 ohms_1/2W Resistors tolerance: 5%
C1,C2___________0.047uF 50V_____Ceramic capacitors
C3,C4__________0.01uF 50V____Ceramic capacitors
C5______________1uF 50V_____ Ceramic capacitors
C6_____________0.1uF 250V____ Ceramic capacitors
C7_____________0.1uF 50V_____ Ceramic capacitors
C8____________220uF 25V_______ Electrolytic capacitors
T1___230V AC primary to 12V-0-12V,2-8A secondary transformer. 



            40 Watt Inverter Circuit using CD4047




Simple 40W Inverter Circuit
Inverter Circuits vary with the power requirements and been widely available all over the internet. Here is a 40 watt inverter circuit which uses IC CD4047B and some transistors to perform the desired action. First of well for those who are not aware of inverters here is something to give you the idea about it. Inverters is nothing but an apparatus which converts direct current into alternating current. So with the help of this circuit you can power a simple household AC appliances such as lamps using a 12v Battery. This will help in meeting up the energy demands, power failures and to places where the wiring is not possible. Lets move into the working of this simple inverter circuit.


WORKING OF CIRCUIT:
The heart of this circuit is a CD4047 IC which is wired as Astable Multivibrator here. As we all know that a Astable Multivibrator will produce a series of square pulses in the output. The resistance and capacitor connected to the pin  2 and 3 will decide the frequency  of the output pulses. Here the Astable Multivibrator is wired to give a frequency of about 60Hz. This Multivibrator gives totally two outputs at pin 10 and 11 with both pulses have similar frequency. But the phase of the signal varies about 180 degrees that is the inverted signal of the pin 10 will be obtained from the pin 11. Thus a square wave pulse was obtained from this Astable Multivibrator. 

The output waves are amplified by the complementary symmetry amplifier made of transistors BC337 &  TIP 3055 to drive the output transformer. The amplified signal is then fed to the transformer for stepping the voltage level of the signal. You can opt for any output voltage of 110v or 220V. You can also use a simple transformer of 110v or 220v but your option of deriving multiple voltage ranges will be eliminated. There will not be any change in the wave shape as the steeped up signal will also be a square wave. Therefore this inverter is also known as digital inverter since the output pulse obtained was a square wave. Thus the above circuit is capable of driving 40W load and use it with caution when using it with high loads.


      
 
 
        How to Make a 200 Watt Transformerless Inverter Circuit 
 
Inverters as we know are devices which convert or rather invert a low voltage DC source to a high voltage AC output. The produced high voltage AC output is generally in the order of the local mains voltage levels. However the conversion process from a low voltage to high voltage invariably necessitates the inclusion of hefty and bulky transformers. Do we have an option to avoid these and make a transformerless inverter circuit?

Yes there is a rather very simple way of implementing a transformerless inverter design.
 
Basically inverter utilizing low DC voltage battery require to boost them to the intended higher AC voltage which in turn makes the inclusion of a transformer imperative.
That means if we could just replace the input low voltage DC with a DC level equal to the intended output AC level, the need of a transformer could be simply eliminated.
The circuit diagram incorporates a high voltage DC input for operating a simple mosfet inverter circuit and we can clearly see that there's no transformer involved.
The high voltage DC equal to the required output AC derived by arranging 18 small, 12 volt batteries in series.
The gate N1 is from the IC 4093, N1 has been configured as the oscillator here.
Since the IC requires a strict operating voltage between 5 and 15 volts,the required input is taken from one of the 12 volt batteries and applied to the relevant IC pin outs.
The entire configuration thus becomes very simple and efficient and completely eliminates the need of a bulky and heavy transformer.
The batteries are all 12 volt, 4 AH rated which are quite small and even when connected together does not seem to cover too much of space.They may stacked tightly to form a compact unit.
The output will be 110 V AC at 200 watts.




Parts List
Q1, Q2 = MPSA92
Q3 = MJE350
Q4, Q5 = MJE340
Q6, Q7 = K1058,
Q8, Q9 = J162
NAND IC = 4093,
D1 = 1N4148
Battery = 12V/4AH, 18 nos.



           
 

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