The principle of Archimedes and Newton on Ship to the surface and float AMNIMARJESLOW AL DO FOUR DO AL ONE LJBUSAF thankyume orbit

                                  The principle of Archimedes and Newton on Ship  

 
                 

The ship is sea transportation is very important to connect between the island and other islands. In addition, the most important function is the ability of ships for transporting cargo in very much. 

To support the functions of a ship which is so important, of course, the ship must be designed to withstand the loads that work force, either during the process of loading and unloading as well as at the time of sailing. Load forces acting on a ship could be categorized as a payload and load structure of the ship itself as well as the burden faced style of the ship was like ocean waves and wind. 


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                                                              Sinking ship
We still remember the tragic events that claimed 1502 lives at a time when the Titanic sank in the Atlantic Ocean after hitting an iceberg. Titanic sailed from Southampton to New York and it is the maiden voyage. Passenger vessels with design furnishings interior is very luxurious at the time makes it a passenger ship a dream for everyone. However, the unfortunate fate befell the vessel is currently experiencing a collision with an iceberg.
After the collision, the water quickly into the boat at the bow (front). Gradually the bow and amidships submerged in water. There was a long wait, the ship dip sloping at an angle of approximately 45 degrees so that hundreds of people ran to the stern (back) of the ship to save himself. Amidships then broken because not hold the structure of the stern is lifted into the air. The stern slammed into the water and hit a lot of people who are right around the stern. After a few moments, the stern of the ship back raised up perpendicular to the surface of the water and gradually sinks.
Recent events occurred again sinking ship. A container ship Russia "Mol Comfort" which has a length of 316 meters was broken into two parts while sailing in the Arabian sea. Mystery still surrounds the sinking because until now not known with certainty the cause of the fault. Fault occurs in the stomach area (center) lead ship ship is divided into two parts. Some days, the front and back are separated far enough already sunk even the rear and the front is still floating. Portions were floating still being investigated. The competent authorities claimed that, in the regulation / rule the vessel actually meet the standards. So how we understand a ship can float or sink? 


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                                                      Archimedes foundation
Boats can be considered as a beam floating on the water surface. Board the ship is mostly made of iron or steel. The density of iron or steel is greater than the density of water, but why ships can float ?. So that ships can be floating, the inside of the body is made of hollow ships. This cavity filled with air, who has a density of less than water. With the existence of this cavity, the average density of the body of the ship can be made smaller than the density of water (ρbadan ships <ρair). With the density of the hull which is smaller than the density of water, it would be acquired weight of the boat (W) smaller than the upward force (FA) of water so that the ship could stay afloat on the water surface. It can be found in physics lessons at school, namely the Archimedes foundation.
Archimedes, the ancient Greek philosopher concludes that, "If an object is dipped into something liquid, it will get the upward pressure equal to the severity of liquid pressed by the object". When an object is put in water, it weighs as though diminished. This event certainly does not mean mass of the object to be lost, but is caused by a force that propels the object whose direction opposite the direction of the weight of objects.
Archimedes was accidentally observed the phenomenon of physics which became the basis of the "Principle of Archimedes" when he was putting himself in the bathtub. At that time he felt the weight becomes lighter when in the water, and lots of water spilling out the tub as much as the amount of weight that is dipped into a bath. This force is called the buoyancy or the upward force (FA), and commonly known as the Archimedes force. The buoyant force equal to the weight of the object (W) in the air is reduced with heavy objects in the water. Well, what we have explained why the ship could float must meet the Archimedes principle. From this it can be concluded that Archimedes foundation can be applied not only floating object (W <FA) but also for the case of floating objects (W = FA) and sink (W> FA) in water.  


         


                                                               X  .  III  
                                           The principle of classical mechanics
Of course we know the foundation Newton who also had learned at school. What happened to the Titanic and container ships can be explained by classical mechanics approach, namely by applying foundation Newton and Archimedes. At first glance we see when the water inside the ship quickly to meet the central part of the ship, the bow will experience a large load. On the other hand the center of the pedestal as the stern experience has not completely submerged in water.
Keep in mind there is still a heavy component in stern of the ship, such as shafts, rudders, propellers, some of the ship's engine, and of course, the cargo ship cargo. If reviewed in classical mechanics, there can be moments of force (torque) at the stern of the ship that resulted in a broken ship into two. Having broken into two, the bow and the stern sank experiencing upward pressure force corresponding Archimedes foundation. After this process, the water re-enter slowly and make stern of the ship be perpendicular to the surface of the water. At this stage Archimedes foundation has been unable to compete on the foundations of Newton because the water already meets the stern of the ship as a whole. 


             


              

In the world of modern shipping, loading considerations to avoid fracture of the vessel must also be carried out during loading and unloading of ships. At the time of raising and lowering the cargo of the ship, a load master must calculate how goods are included, so that the burden on the bow, stern and hull evenly. A ship can not be loaded only on its hind parts first, or front only, or allow the center remains empty vessel. If an error occurs, parts of the structure will be more pressure vessels and other parts can be strained, which in turn makes the vessel is broken. Therefore, many ships use ballast tank (ballast tanks) are filled with sea water or emptied to compensate for loading on the vessel.  


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                                    BACKGROUND HISTORY OF ARCHIMEDES

Archimedes’ principle : states that a body immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. The principle applies to both floating and submerged bodies and to all fluids, i.e., liquids and gases. It explains not only the buoyancy of ships and other vessels in water but also the rise of a balloon in the air and the apparent loss of weight of objects underwater.

In determining whether a given body will float in a given fluid, both weight and volume must be considered; that is, the relative density, or weight per unit of volume, of the body compared to the fluid determines the buoyant force.

Archimedes Heat Ray & Eureka

                                                             
                               


                                                                   X  .  IIIIII 
   Application of Archimedes foundation of the concept of Floating Objects, Floating and Sinking in  
                                                                   Technology  



Archimedes had issued a statement which is very well known that "A body immersed partially or wholly in the liquid will experience a buoyant force equal to the weight of liquid displaced by the object." The statement then known as Archimedes law. He is one of the greatest scientists of his time. Archimedes of Syracusa (about 287 BC - 212 BC) studied in the city of Alexandria, Egypt. At that time, who became king at Syracuse is Hieron II. Archimedes himself was a mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, physicist and engineer the Greek nation. He was killed by a Roman soldier in the looting of the town Syracusa, although there is an order of Roman generals, Marcellus that he should not be harmed.
Archimedes is seen as one of history's greatest mathematicians. foundation Archimedes discovered by accident when he was asked King Hieron II to investigate whether the crown of gold mixed with silver or not. Archimedes thought about this problem in earnest, to feel very tired and immersed himself in the common bathtub filled with water. He noticed there was water spilling onto the floor and immediately he also found the answer. He can prove that the king's crown mixed with silver. 


There have been many technological applications that take advantage of the formulation of this foundation of which will be outlined as follows:

Ship

At the beginning of the discussion of Archimedes foundation has been little mention why ships can float on water. Board the ship has air spaces. Because this air cavity, the volume of sea water displaced by the ship is large enough to fit the Archimedes principle, ships get buoyancy is large enough to hold the weight of the vessel so that the vessel can float on the water surface. Ships are very important for transportation. America is one country that many islands. Therefore, the ship will play an important role in the smooth transportation in the country.  


                  

                                                                X  .  IIIIIII  
                                                                 Submarine 



                              
If the ship can only float on the surface of the water, the submarine, but can float, can also float and sink in sea water. Because of these capabilities, the submarine is suitable for use in the fields of military and research. Body shape submarine designed to float, float, and sink in the water. In addition, it is designed to be able to withstand the pressure of water in the ocean depths. How does a submarine? Note Figure 8:19 when the submarine was floating, floating and sinking! Agency submarines have air cavity that serves as the entrance and exit of water or air. The cavity is located on the hull. The cavity is equipped with a valve at the top and bottom. When the float, cavity filled with air so that the displaced water volume equal to the weight of the vessel. In accordance with the principle of Archimedes, the submarine will float. When the cavity of the valve top and bottom valve on the submarine cavity is opened, the air in the cavity outgoing or incoming water fills the cavity. As a result, the ship started sinking. The valve will be closed if the submarine has reached the desired depth. In these circumstances, the submarine in a state of drift. If the air valve cavity reopened, the volume of water in the cavity will grow so that the submarine would sink if the submarine would surface from sinking, the water is pumped out into the cavity so that the cavity is simply filled with air. Thus, the submarine will undergo buoyancy can match the weight of the submarine. As a result, the submarine will rise to the surface and float.  


                    


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                                                            floating bridge

Events float an object because it has an air cavity is used to create a bridge made of hollow drums juxtaposed transverse flow of the river. The volume of displaced water produces buoyancy forces that can withstand the weight of the drum itself and objects that pass over it. Each drum compilers of this bridge must be closed so that water can not enter into it.  


                      


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                                                           hydrometer

Hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the density of a liquid. How to use this tool is as follows. Hydrometer inserted into the liquid to be determined its density. Because this tool has an air cavity then the device will float. Mentioned earlier, event sinks are influenced by the density of the liquid. If the density of liquid placed a hydrometer, altitudes hydrometer tube that appears increasingly large and vice versa. Hydrometer is often used for research purposes in the field of chemistry. 


                  

                         
                                                              Freedom ship 

Work principle
Hydrometer is a derivative magnitude measuring instrument which became one of the applications of the foundation Archimedes used to measure the density of the liquid. An object in a fluid (liquid or gas) experiences a force from all directions undertaken by the surrounding fluid. Archimedes foundation states that an object immersed in a liquid substance will get the upward force weighing liquid displaced by the object. The working principle hydrometer using Archimedes foundation. The value of the density of a liquid can be determined by reading the scale on which are placed hydrometer floats on liquid water.
Hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the density of a liquid. The value of the density of a liquid can be determined by reading the scale on which is placed a hydrometer floats on liquid water. Hydrometer made of glass tubes. So that the glass tube floating upright in the liquid, the bottom of the tube loaded with grain timbale. The diameter of the bottom of the glass tube is made larger so that the volume of liquid displaced larger hydrometer. Thus, the resulting upward force larger and hydrometer can float in the liquid. Stalk glass tube is designed to be a small change in the weight of the object being moved (synonymous with small changes in the density of the liquid) produces large different delta at a depth of stalk submerged in the liquid. This means that the difference in scale readings for various types of liquid becomes clearer.