Selasa, 28 Februari 2017

the concept of the interrelationships of the computer and math and electronics so do biology to build a power unit space and time itself AMNIMARJESLOW AL DO FOUR DO AL ONE LJBUSAF thankyume orbit


Hasil gambar untuk konsep desain matematika dalam komputer

Computer science, generally defined as the study of both of computing, hardware and software. Computer science covers a variety of topics related to computers, ranging from abstract analysis algorithms to more concrete subjects like programming languages, software, including hardware. As a discipline, Computer Sciences more emphasis on computer programming and software engineering (software), while computer techniques are more likely related to things such as computer hardware (hardware). However, the two terms are often misunderstood by many people.
Church-Turing thesis states that all computing devices are commonly known are actually the same in terms of what they can do, even with different efficiency. This thesis is sometimes regarded as the basic principles of computer science. Computer science experts usually emphasize the von Neumann computer or Turing machine (a computer that is a task that is small and deterministic at any given time), because things like that most computers used today. The computer scientist also studied other types of machines, some of which can not be used practically (such as neural computers, DNA computers and quantum computers) and some of them are still quite theoretical (such as computers and computer random oracle).
Computer Science learn what can be done by multiple programs, and what is not (computability and intelligence artificial), how the program should evaluate an outcome (algorithm), how the program should store and retrieve certain bits of the information (data structure), and how to program and communicate user (a user interface and programming languages).
Computer science is rooted in electronics, mathematics and linguistics. In the last three decades of the 20th century, computer science has become a new discipline and have developed methods and its own terms.
The first computer science department was founded at Purdue University in 1962. Almost all universities now have computer science department.
The highest award in computer science is the Turing Award, the winner of this award are all pioneers in their field.
Edsger Dijkstra said:

    
Computer science is not about computers as astronomy is not about telescopes
Physicist Richard Feynman said:

    
Age is not as old as computer science physics; Younger several hundred years. However, this does not mean that the "dish" computer scientist is far fewer than the physicist. Indeed younger, but raised far more intensive! 



                                                                        X  .  I 
                      RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS

                          Hasil gambar untuk konsep desain matematika dalam komputer  
Math can search for a rational logic equations that can be translated into. computer via a programming language. Computers can perform mathematical calculations of rational logic quickly and tepat.keterbatasan computer can be solved with mathematical logic, while the mathematical problem can komputerisasikan like counting the sand on the scales.
           
Lots of mathematical studies that contribute to the development of computer studies. The mathematical study example: arithmetic, logic, Systems Real Numbers, relationships and so on. Were used in the study of computer programming languages, for example: Fortran, Cobol, Pascal and others. Here I will give an example of the contribution of the study of mathematics in the Pascal program to show that the study of mathematics really contribute to the development of computer studies.
         
Pascal is a high-level language (high level language) are oriented at any destination, designed by Prof. Niklaus Wirth from the Technical University in Zurich, Switzerland. The name is taken as a tribute to Pascal Blaise Pascal, a famous mathematician and philosophi 17th century from France.Pascal is a language that is intended to create a structured program. Pascal language has become popular in all circles, especially among university students. In fact, the language Pascal is a computer programming language's most popular fast when compared to languages ​​other computer programming.One element of the program is a sign of Operations Pascal (operator) and expression (expression) were grouped into five categories, namely:
A. Unary minus
      
Carriers in the form of a minus sign is only used on a numeric to indicate a negative value. Used in real numerical operands and a numeric integer.1. NOT operatorUsed to reverse the logic value of a Boolean operand.- NOT True is False- NOT False is TrueIn mathematical logic, NOT operator called the negation or denied.2. Operators multiplierWhich includes a multiplier operator (Multiplying operator) is the operator of multiplication, division, modulus, operators AND and slider bit.3. Operator enhancerWhich is included in the adder operator is operator increase, reduction, OR and XOR operator.4. The operator relationshipOperator relationships can be used on all standard scalar type.Table Operator Relationships= EqualsNot equal to> Greater than> = Greater than equal to the<Smaller than<= Smaller equals ofIN Selection of members of the set.

      
From the above, it can be seen an example of the contribution in the development of the mathematical concepts of computer programming languages. This is just one example only. So there is still a lot of studies of computer use in the study of mathematics develop the programs.If seen from the use of mathematical studies in the language Pascal above, means that are used in new computer programming language using the study of mathematical logic, relations and arithmetic alone.
        
Computer science is the science which contains the theory, methodology, design and implementation, related to computing, computers, algorithms and the software perspective (software) and hardware (hardware).Computer Science learn what can be done by multiple programs, and what is not (computability and intelligence artificial), how the program should evaluate an outcome (algorithm), how the program should store and retrieve certain bits of the information (data structure), and how to program and communicate user (a user interface and programming languages).Computer science is rooted in electronics, mathematics and linguistics. In the last three decades of the 20th century, computer science has become a new discipline and have developed methods and its own terms. 



In mathematics and computing, an algorithm is a set of commands to solve a problem. These commands can be translated in stages from beginning to end. The problem can be anything, with a note to every problem, there are criteria for initial conditions that must be met before running the algorithm. The algorithm will be able to always end up on all initial conditions that meet the criteria, in this case is different from the heuristic. Algorithms often have steps repetition (iteration) or require decisions (Boolean logic and comparison) until the task is completed.

       
The design and analysis of algorithms is a specialized branch of computer science that studies the characteristics and performance of an algorithm to solve the problems, in spite of the implementation of the algorithm. In this discipline branch algorithms studied in the abstract, regardless of computer system or programming language used. Different algorithms can be applied to a problem with the same criteria.

        
The complexity of an algorithm is a measure of how much the algorithm computations needed to solve the problem. Informally, the algorithm can solve a problem in a short time have a low complexity, while the algorithm that takes a long time to resolve the problem have high complexity.Along with the development of Computer Science, today a lot of researchers are trying to make a study and carry out the definition of the Computer Science. However, the basis of Computer Science is a math and engineering (engineering). Mathematical analysis method donate, and donate engineering design methods in this field.Preparation of a software must be efficient in mathematical calculations. If a software can be run by all those who are just learning or an expert, the element of convenience in terms of math will make the software is preferred by many people.The development of mathematical civilization has sparked many thoughts and ideas toward implementation of modern equipment, such as computers and communications systems. Although the human civilization is changing rapidly but the mathematics continue to be relevant and support to these changes. Contribution to the development of mathematics Computer Science is great just look at terms such as Statistics, Probability, information theory, graph theory, Boolean algebra, Discrete Mathematics and Calculus which was very necessary in the development of Computer Science.Statistics.

       
Statistics are widely applied in various disciplines, both natural sciences (eg, astronomy and biology and the social sciences (including sociology and psychology), as well as in the fields of business, economics, and industrial). Statistics are also used in the government for various purposes; the census is one of the most well known procedure. Application statistics are now more popular is a poll or polling procedure (eg do before the election), as well as a rapid assessment (quick calculation results of the election) or the quick count. In the field of computing, statistics can also be applied in pattern recognition and artificial intelligence.Probability.


The probability of an event is a number that indicates the likelihood of an event. Its value is between 0 and 1. The event that has a value of 1 is the probability of events that must happen, and it certainly would not be surprising at all. For example, the sun still rises in the east until now. While an event that has a value of 0 is the probability of occurrence is impossible or unlikely to occur. For example a goat gave birth to a cow.Information theory.

       
Information theory (English: information theory) is the discipline in the field of applied mathematics that deals with quantization data so that the data or information that can be stored and shipped without errors (error) through a communication channel. Entropy information (information entropy) is often used as a tool for this purpose, and is usually expressed as the average number of bits needed for storage and delivery of such information. For example, if the daily weather conditions expressed by 3 bits of entropy, then we say that the weather was having an average of 3 bit each day.

       
Application of the basic topics in the theory of information include data compression without disabilities (lossless Data compression, the ZIP file, for example), data compression (lossy of data compression, MP3 file, for example), and channel coding (channel coding, on DSL, ADSL, etc. ). Usually the theory of information is the pivot of -bidang fields of mathematics, statistics, computer science, physics, neurobiology, and electrical engineering and computer. Implementation of this theory has a direct impact with space missions, the understanding of black holes in galaxies, with research linguistics and human perception, with a network of computers, the Internet and mobile phone networks.In particular, information theory is a branch of mathematical odds and statistics, relating to the concept of information and information entropy as described above. Claude E. Shannon (1916-2001) is known as "the father of information theory". Shannon entropy defines the measurement of information as:H = log pi pi Zigma
      
This formula when applied to a source of information, can determine the capacity of the channel is required to send data to translate into binary digits.Da also a computer science and mathematics related in the following areas:Computer science is rooted in electronics, mathematics and linguistics. In the last three decades of the 20th century, computer science has become a new discipline and have developed methods and its own terms. The first computer science department was founded at Purdue University in 1962. Almost all universities now have computer science department. The highest award in computer science is the Turing Award, the winner of this award are all pioneers in their field. 


                                                                       X  .  II
                            application of mathematical concepts in interior design using computer  

                 Hasil gambar untuk konsep desain matematika dalam komputer  

The interior design is very closely related to the mathematical geometry. Because the mathematical principles that are often used in the process of designing the interior, such as the calculation of length, area field and volume on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional as the basis for the calculation of the volume of work on the budget plan, as well as the capability of projecting the field of two-dimensional to three-dimensional, or otherwise must be understood correctly. One of the supporters of success in the field of interior is good planning, and planning it can not be run without geometry mathematics. Mathematics is not only involved in the calculation of costs for the manufacture of ornaments, but also has to do with the size of the object that is used as an ornamental. Mathematical formula was used to calculate the area, volume or size of the object that is to do with the cost of making these objects. There are so many examples of buildings that use mathematical geometry in planning and preparation. Mathematical principles into the building making tool, such as the Pythagorean proposition and ratios. And the application of mathematics in the interior design has been done long ago. 


Mathematics is one of the disciplines that study regarding the size, structure, space and change. Mathematics in the concept has many aspects to be studied. Many of us are asking, what benefits we learn math? Though all aspects of mathematics can be applied to real life. The application of this mathematical concept is very useful in life. In the development of science and technology, the mathematical concept has always walked alongside these developments.Geometry is one aspect of mathematics in addition to aspects of numbers, algebra, statistics and odds, logic, trigonometry, and calculus. Geometry as aspects of mathematics can not simply be viewed as a part of mathematics. This is because there is a correlation between aspects with each other in mathematics to jointly contribute to the advancement of science and technology. Geometry joint mathematical aims to: 1) train the way of thinking and reasoning in drawing conclusions, for example, through investigation, exploration, experimentation, showing similarities, differences, consistent and inconsistent, 2) developing a creative activity that involves imagination, intuition, and the discovery by developing divergent thinking, original, curiosity, make predictions and expectations, as well as experimentation, 3) develop problem-solving abilities, and 4) develop the ability to convey information or communicate ideas through speech oral, notes, charts, maps, in explaining the idea. 

                           Hasil gambar untuk foto biologi dan matematika
we can say that basically the geometry goal is to develop the ability to think logically, to teach to read and interpret mathematical arguments, imparting knowledge (geometry) needed to further study and develop spatial ability.Geometry is one of the things that is very involved in designing, because in general the scope of geometry is about lines and angles, flat wake up, wake up space, symmetry, similarity, congruence, and analytic geometry. Then surely the relationship between geometry and the interior design is very binding. Because the design of the interior is one of the subject areas of science that is based on a design science that aims to create a built environment (in the room) along with elements of their supporters.The ability of designing the interior of the room is in need of math skills. Because the designer must understand the principles of mathematics are often used in the process of designing the interior, such as the calculation of length, area field and volume on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional as the basis for the calculation of the volume of work on the budget plan, as well as the capability of projecting two-dimensional plane into three-dimensional, or vice versa.  


Mathematics has always accompanied the development of science and technology. In a simple life, in fact we often use math either for buying or selling, just to count how many groceries that we've bought or calculate our travel time from home to a destination. But more specifically, it will discuss the benefits of mathematics in the spatial field. How math plays a role in the field of interior design.  


mathematics as a science not only learn a concept, but the concept can be applied in real life. Even the application of mathematics in fact very close to our daily life. Especially the benefits in its application in the field of interior design. As well as for readers to see the location of the role of a mathematical concept itself in association with interior design using computer tools and electronics

                                   Hasil gambar untuk konsep desain matematika dalam komputer 

In an effort to understand the geometry of the abstract things in order to obtain the settlement is done through contextual learning and modeling more concrete. At the origin of the birth of geometry, originated from an attempt to find solutions to the concrete problems of human life on this earth. Starting from a desire to make the building a magnificent and beautiful, simplify measurement, calculation mengakuratkan, and resolve issues more spatial.The nature of abstract geometry relates to wake up in math, originated from the real issues facing human life. So that the relationship between reality and the development of human understanding is closely linked to phenomenology. According to Edmund Hussrel in Dwin Gideon (2004: 217), all the features of objects that enter into the consciousness as a phenomenon. The phenomenon is intentional, which means always related to the structure of consciousness. Awareness is always directed to show themselves, resulting in a correlation between awareness of the phenomenon.Mathematics in the concept has many aspects to be studied. And all aspects of mathematics can be applied in real life.  


math test is usually performed to determine the ability to think quickly and be able to resolve the problem. In the field of informatics or computer engineering concepts base number is also used. And other simple example is when the sale and purchase, of course, the calculation of nominal money also use mathematical concepts. According to Andrea J. O'Connor that "Mathematic is used by engineers to solve a very wide range of problems, Including design calculations for building, machines, electronic components or chemical plants". So it is clear, the math is very applicable. All aspects of mathematics, from algebra, logic, numbers or other individual has benefits for our lives. Similarly, mathematical geometry, which is very useful for life, especially in the field of spatial. Building architecture, interior design, graphic design or is in need of a good mathematical geometry capabilities.  


Mathematics is very helpful in the spatial field. Because in the field of spatial notably interior design, it is necessary a good understanding of mathematical principles that are often used in the process of designing the interior.
In the spacious interior design takes into account the activities the object or volume of the object is not foreign. In calculating the area and volume, the formula in matematikalah used as a solution.
  For instance if the board will calculate the area of a square-shaped ornament, it will use the formula s2 (side x side).
If the known length of the side = 10 cm, the width of the square-shaped pedestal is
s2 = (side x side)
     = 10 cm × 10 cm
     = 100 cm2  


                                                      
sisi  = side = S   

Other mathematical principle that is often used is the argument of Pythagoras, which is derived from the Greek, and is being developed at that time. This theory provides a very strong influence on the development of methods in engineering until now.  


                                            
                                                                Teorema phytagoras  

Although in designing a color space very influential, but in fact the shape of the object as ornamenpun very influential. Establishment of ornaments that are less precise will affect the efficiency of the layout ornament in the room, as well as the effect on the aesthetic value of the ornaments possessed.Objects that fills the room, for example, a sofa in the family room, in view in terms of interior design, should be consistent between the color of the sofa with the color of the walls and other filler objects in the room. Appropriate layout into one special consideration anyway. However, in view in terms of mathematical geometry, the size of the sofa is also very influential for proportionality between the size of the sofa with the size of the room. Not only in terms of size, but in terms of symmetry sofapun can affect the aesthetic value of the sofa.In conjunction, the math does not only involve geometric concepts in interior design. However, matematikapun involve mathematical calculations to plan the budget costs to be incurred for the interior design. Area calculation and volume in the wake of the space used as ornamenpun affect the budget that must be issued to realize the design of the interior space. Therefore, mathematics is closely related to the field of interior design. And mathematics can not be separated from the design field interor in space and time on this earth. 


Mathematics is the science that not only learn about the concept, but also very applicable. Application of a mathematical concept is very broad. We can find a mathematical relationship with many other fields. Because, basically, mathematical always been associated with the development of science and technology there. And one of the applications of mathematical concepts can be found in the field of interior design. In interior design, geometry mathematics is to be paramount to understand. Because of the geometry math is very influential in designing the alignment of the interior space


                  Hasil gambar untuk konsep desain matematika dalam komputer   





                                                                    X  .  III  
USE IN ASSESSING MATH FORMS OF INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS OF PARTIES NEED    
                                                                     MATH 



Mathematics known as the basic science of various other fields. Math learning trains us to think critically, logically, analytically, and systematically. The role of mathematics is not just limited to it. The development of other disciplines, such as physics, biology, economics or social sciences, is inseparable from the role of mathematics. Mathematics is also very deserve to be called as a bridge science and technology. For example, advances in space technology very rapidly in today because of advances in the physical sciences.Many science that developed on the basis of the application of mathematical concepts. One was the development of computer science that is growing rapidly in today's information age. Computer networks, computer graphics, application of various softwere taken from the application of the concepts and ideas from the experts who have been summarized in the mathematical sciences. Group theory, algebraic structures, statistics and odds, calculus all of it is very applicable in the world of science and technology.In the development of information technology, mathematics provides its own influence. Various applications and programs on a computer can not be separated from the application of mathematical applications, including the operation of Boolean algebra, graph theory, discrete mathematics, symbolic logic, odds and statistics.Another example is in the development of memory. A memory storing various forms of information as binary numbers. The information will be solved without form binary (encoded) with a number of instructions that turn it into a sequence of numbers or figures.Geographical Information Systems (GIS), which is a testament to the applications of mathematics are so many applying mathematical and statistical concepts therein. With GIS we can also apply it in city planning, mapping of natural resources are scattered throughout the area in the world that has never touched by human hands with all its limitations.  


Assessing the usefulness of mathematics in Forms InformationAccording to Wikipedia, said the information comes from the old French word, informacion (in 1387) were taken from the Latin, meaning informationem "outlines, concepts, ideas". Information is the noun of informare meaningful activity in the "knowledge communicated".Information is the message (words or expressions) or group of messages consisting of order sequences of symbols, or meanings that can be construed from the message or group of messages. Information can be recorded or transmitted. It can be noted as signs, or as a signal based on the wave.Information is data that has been processed into a form that has meaning for the recipient and may be a fact, a useful value. So there is a process of transforming data into an information == input - process - output.Data is the raw material for an update. Differences information and data is relatively dependent on the value of use for management that need. An information for certain management level could be the management of data for the above level, or vice versa.The quality of information depends on three things, namely that information must be:a. Accurate, means that information should be free from mistakes and not biased or misleading. Accurate also means that information must clearly reflect masudnya.b. Just in time, means that information that came at the recipient should not be too late.c. Relevant, means that information should be entitled to the benefits of the wearer. Relevance information for each person different from one another.While the method of collecting data / information is:  


1. Direct observation2. Interview3. Estimated correspondent4. A list of questions
One of the classical communication theory that greatly influenced theories further communication is information theory or mathematical theory. This theory is a form of elaboration of the work of Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver (1949, Weaver. 1949 b), Mathematical Theory of Communication. This theory see communication as a phenomenon of mechanistic, mathematical, and informative. Communication as transmission of a message and how to use the transmitter channels and communication media. This is one clear example of the school of the process which saw the code as a means to construct a message and translate (encoding and decoding). Point of concern lies in the accuracy and efficiency of the process. The process in question is a private communication that is how it affects the behavior or state of mind of another person. If the effects are not in accordance with what is expected, then these schools tend to talk about the failure of communication. He saw all the stages of the communication is to know where your failures. In addition, the school also tend to use the process of the social sciences, especially psychology and sociology, and tends to concentrate itself in the act of communication.Information theory (English: information theory) is the discipline in the field of applied mathematics that deals with quantization data so that the data or information that can be stored and shipped without errors (error) through a communication channel. Entropy information (information entropy) is often used as a tool for this purpose, and is usually expressed as the average number of bits needed for storage and delivery of such information. For example, if the daily weather conditions expressed by 3 bits of entropy, then we say that the weather was having an average of 3 bit each day.Application of the basic topics in the theory of information include data compression without disabilities (lossless Data compression, the ZIP file, for example), data compression (lossy of data compression, MP3 file, for example), and channel coding (channel coding, on DSL, ADSL, etc. ). Usually the theory of information is the pivot of the fields of mathematics, statistics, computer science, physics, neurobiology, and electrical engineering and computer. Implementation of this theory has a direct impact with space missions, the understanding of black holes in galaxies, with research linguistics and human perception, with a network of computers, the Internet and mobile phone networks.In particular, information theory is a branch of mathematical odds and statistics, relating to the concept of information and information entropy as described above. Claude E. Shannon (1916-2001) is known as "the father of information theory". Shannon entropy defines the measurement of information (in bits) as:H = - \ sum_ {i} p_ {i} \ log_2 p_ {i} \,This formula when applied to a source of information, can determine the capacity of the channel is required to send data to translate into binary digits.  


Analysis of Parties Requiring Math
Mathematics is a science that is not separated from life. Because almost every daily activity, whether conscious or not, we certainly use Math. Therefore, Mathematics became one of the most important lessons that must be mastered by every person who wants to achieve success in life. In the air-math skills required to be able to solve the problem correctly, once we have the freedom to respond in various ways as long as the answer is correct and in the right way. However, if the wrong way or wrong way to write the numbers only the end result is also wrong. Here we are asked to be honest in solving the existing problems in the right way and meticulous.  


mathematics also contain values ​​(value) is very useful for the formation of attitudes and personality are complete (intact). Establishment of discipline, conscientious attitude, a critical attitude, patience, caution and so forth, can be developed through mathematics. In the future, this kind of attitude is increasingly necessary given the increasing number of issues surrounding the human, and the increasing number of people affected by these problems.Here are ten job, where mathematics is needed in that field, including:I. AnimatorAnimator is an art worker whose work makes moving images (animation). An animator can work in various fields such as in film, television, video games, the internet also.An animator must have sufficient understanding of the several fields of applied mathematics. This makes it possible to discover something unknown from a set of simple equations, and work out aspects of geometry when dealing with objects that move and change.For example, an animator uses linear algebra to show how an object is rotated and moved, raised and turned down, and so forth. Mathematical knowledge is needed: algebra, trigonometry, calculus, and geometry.II. ArchitectArchitect is someone who designed the building, and so on, so that the building of it could be functional, safe, and economical. Arsiteklah the drawing draft, all the parts of the building, including setting up the pipes and the electrical grid system. They also choose the material of the buildings.Mathematics is used by architects to express an idea in the design of the print image that can be used by construction workers to make it happen in the form of a real building. Mathematics is required by architects to analyze and calculate the structural problems in order to design a solution that ensures that strukstur will remain standing and stable.Without mathematics impossible picture of the design created by architects want it to be represented in the form of printed picture like that. Mathematics needed include algebra, trigonometry, calculus, statistics and probability, as well as a linear program. 

III. AstronautsHere is an excerpt statement a NASA astronaut Robert L. Stewart, "It should be evident that each step in my career has rested on a firm foundation in mathematics. For me, the study of mathematics was the key that opened the doors to the universe ".Astronaut is someone who is trained in a space flight program (spaceflight program) to be the crew of the space shuttle. The crew was tasked to manage and run the air, including airport crew to another.When astronauts fly into space to perform the mission, it is possible because of mathematical calculations are precise and accurate. Starting with the calculation of how to best be able to leave the Earth's atmosphere, to how astronauts controlling the aircraft.The best designers also use math to calculate the distance, speed, strength, including the calculation for the safety of the astronauts themselves when making a 'pharynx' plane. Mathematics required by astronauts including algebra, trigonometry, calculus, differential equations and linear algebra.IIII. Forensic AnalystA forensic analysts use scientific techniques to investigate a criminal case. They used to use a fingerprint which are analyzed using computer assistance. They also analyze other objects such as blood, the sound, as well as analysis of genetic fingerprints. That it is chemically, they are also used to analyze toxins, drugs, and so on.A forensic analyst to analyze the pattern of blood in order to tell the story or chronological crime. Be disclosed, that turned out to be the location where the blood was found, and forms the structure of the blood on the landing at the scene, they can reveal the direction into which the blood moves and how much force it takes to injure the victim.The forensic analyst uses mathematical example to find out the location of the victim when blood is shed, and even the types of weapons or effects that can injure the victim. Sometimes the blood of a weapon (the evidence) can also be used to express a victim mentality. Mathematics needed include algebra, trigonometry, geometry, kalkkulus, and statistics.IIIII. Market Research AnalystAn analyst with market research work to gather information what people think about a product. They help companies to determine what type of products and how diiginkan by the market, and price range desired. They also assist in the marketing of these products.Market research analysts use math in every job. For example those described in the following activities:a. Analyze statistical data to forecast product sales long product sales in the futureb. Competitors gather data, analyze prices, sales, distribution and marketing methods as wellc. Thinking of methods and data collection proceduresd. Evaluate the product and make recommendations to the company and the client so that decisions can be made for better results.Quantitative calculation capabilities urgently needed by a market research analyst. Therefore, the ability in the fields of mathematics, statistics, sampling theory, survey design, and computer science will be very helpful. Mathematics need to be mastered including algebra, geometry, calculus, econometrics, and statistics.IIIIII. BiologistBiologists are scientists who study the intricacies of living beings and to investigate its relationship with the surrounding environment.Biologists use mathematics, for example when they make the plot a graph for a case. To help understand the various equations, run the tests "trial and errors" him while doing a research on a sample to develop an algorithm. Biologists also use various software which is the basis of mathematical operations. Mathematics required by biologists include algebra, geometry, trigonometry, calculus, and statistics.  

IIIIIII. EconomyEconomists are people who study society activities in distributing a variety of resources such as land, labor, raw materials, machinery and various equipment to produce goods and services.The economists can do research, collect and analyze data, monitor economic trends, and develop forecasts. They conduct research in various fields such as energy costs, inflation, interest rates, exchange rates, taxes, unemployment, and so on.activities usual mathematical economists can be seen among others in the following activities:a. Using mathematical models to better understand issues such as the nature and length of the business cycle, the impact of inflation, or the effect of the fuel price hike on poverty and unemploymentb. Develop methods and data collection proceduresc. Applying knowledge to provide input to governments or businesses and organizationsIIIIIIII. GeologistsGeologists (geologist) is a scientist who studies about the solid and liquid material that formed the earth and the outer portion of the planet.Mathematics became one of the sciences that are indispensable in the study of geology. Mathematical geology can be an important aid in formulating models and scientific theories to examine the different geological phenomena. Mathematics needed geologists include algebra, geometry, trigonometry, calculus, differential equations, linear algebra, and statistics.IIIIIIIII. Computer ScientistsComputer scientists can a computer theorist, researcher or inventor. They use theory or discovery to solve complex problems by creating or implementing new technologies.Areas of computer science includes theories of complex hardware design to programming language design. Some researchers in the field of computer science to work on several projects such as the development and advance the use of virtual reality, extending human-computer interaction, to design the robot.Computer scientists use mathematical algorithms cover a wide range of topics of theoretical material (series of steps to understand someone or something in order to complete the task in a specific sequence of steps), and the calculation of the computing system implementations in software and hardware. Mathematics required by a computer scientist include algebra, trigonometry, calculus, linear algebra, differential equations, analytic theory, abstract algebra, graph theory, numerical methods, and combinatorics.IIIIIIIIII. MathematiciansMathematics is the oldest and fundamental science. Mathematicians conduct studies and research in fields such as logic, set theory, abstract algebra, number theory, game theory, statistics, and so on. The mathematician is clearly a man who daily wrestle around mathematics.Mathematicians use mathematical theory, computational techniques, algorithms, and the latest computer technology to solve various problems in the fields of economics, science, engineering, and business issues. There are two types of mathematicians, namely those who work in theoretical mathematics and those who work in applied mathematics. Mathematics needed include algebra, trigonometry, calculus, linear algebra, differential equations, real analysis, abstract algebra, and complex analysis. 


Information is data that has been processed into a form that has meaning for the recipient and may be a fact, a useful value.
  Information theory or mathematical theory is one of the classical communication theory that greatly affects communication theories further.
  Information theory is a scientific discipline in the field of applied mathematics that deals with quantization data so that the data or information that can be stored and shipped without errors (error) through a communication channel.
  information theory is a branch of mathematical odds and statistics, relating to the concept of information and information entropy.
Mathematics is required by the parties in the ten areas of work, namely; animators, architects, astronauts, forensic analysts, market research analyst, biologist, economists, geologists, computer scientists, mathematicians.  


                                                                         X  .  IIII 

                         the mathematical concept of space and time in the design electronic Robo  
 
 Hasil gambar untuk foto robot dan matematika
 
 the capability must be present:
Mastering the concepts of control systems, computer programming, data processing or information, and data communication networks use math.Mastering the concept of the use of renewable energy as an alternative energy source of the future and be able to design and realize energy management to support green technologies in industry and business environmentAbility to design, implement, maintain, optimization, innovation, identify problems, and develop the local computer network (LAN) for SOHOAbility to design, implement, identify problems and develop intelligent control systems and roboBeing able to use industrial instruments, measurement and diagnostic tools for the planning, development, implementation, maintenance, optimization, and innovation in automated industrial control systems and roboMastering the basics of engineering, analog and digital electronics as a basic concept of capacity building in the field of engineering and Electrical EngineeringMastering the basic algorithms and programming language widely used in industry and businessBeing able to retrieve and analyze data, model, and simulate the problems in the field of Electrical Engineering to provide alternative solutions to these problems (Technical Skills)Capable of managing human resources, funds, facilities, and time in a project in electrical engineering from the preparation, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation as well as making clear documentation (Managerial Skills)Capable of managing human resources, funds, facilities, and time in a project in electrical engineering from the preparation, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation as well as making clear documentation (Managerial Skills) . 

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                                                                 X  .  IIIII  

                                             Mathematical relationships with Biology  

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Cleavage in living things are divided into two, namely the division of direct and indirect division. Direct cleavage is cleavage without going through several stages of cleavage, cleavage is usually called the amitosis or binary fission. Where in this binary division of the stem cells produce two daughter cells. While no direct cleavage is cleavage pass some degree, for example prophase, metaphase, Anaphase, telophase. In the stage accompanied by a form of chromosomes is different. Cleavage did not immediately divided into two, namely mitosis and meiosis. The most fundamental difference of mitosis and meiosis is chromosome number that is generated. In mitosis of a diploid (stem cells) will remain diploid in the daughter cells, as well as having the same properties between parent and child, whereas in meiosis diploid number of chromosomes (stem cells) to produce haploid the daughter cells and does not have the same properties between child and parent , The nature of the living beings are genes, which are genes within the loci where storage properties of their respective parent females and males.
The mathematical relationship between the frequency of genotype and allele frequencies
Suppose in a population there is a genotype AA, Aa, and aa, each with a frequency of P, H, and Q, while it is known that the frequency of allele A and A respectively p and q, then between the frequencies of genotypes and allele frequencies there is a mathematical relationship as follows:
P = P + ½ H and q = Q + ½ H In this case the P + H + Q = 1 and p + q = 1.
The result of the calculation of allele frequencies can be used to determine the nature locus allele place is located. A locus is said to be polymorphic if the frequency of the largest alelnya equal to or less than 0.95. Conversely, a locus is said to be monomorphic if alelnya greatest frequency exceeds 0.95. Proportion of polymorphic loci in a population is often used as one of the indices of genetic diversity. Other grades are also often used as an index of genetic diversity in a population is heterozygosity average or the frequency of heterozygotes (H) on average.  

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium foundation
Mendelian populations that are large so allow random mating (panmiksia) among individual members. That is, each individual has the same opportunities to meet with other individuals, either with the same or different genotype him. With a system of random mating, the frequency of allele will always be constant from generation to generation. This principle was formulated by G.H. Hardy, a mathematician from the UK, and W.Weinberg, doctors from Germany ,. so it became known as the foundation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.In addition to random mating, there are other requirements that must be met for the operation of the foundation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, that does not happen migration, mutation and selection. With other perkatan, the occurrence of these events as well as non-random mating system will result in the addition of allele frequencies.
Deduction on the foundations of the balance of Hardy-Weinberg includes three steps, namely (1) from the elders to the gametes produced, (2) of the merger of gametes to the genotype of the zygote is formed, and (3) of the genotype of the zygote to the frequency of alleles in generation descent. Fekuensi allele A = p2 + ½ (2PQ) = p2 + pq = p (p + q) = p. The frequency of allele a = q2 + ½ (2PQ) = q2 + pq = q (p + q) = q. Thus, it can be seen that the frequency of alleles in offspring generation together with an allele frequency in the generation of elders.Applications Hardy-Weinberg foundation for the calculation of the frequency of allelicOne example allelic often stated is allele regulator of blood group ABO system in humans. As we have discussed in Chapter II, the system is governed by three alleles IA, IB, and I0. If the frequency of this allele third respectively p, q, and r, then the distribution of genotype frequency = (p + q + r) 2 = p2 + 2PQ + 2pr + q2 + 2QR + q2. The frequency of blood type A is the sum of genotype frequencies and IA IA IA I0, namely p2 + 2pr. Similarly, the frequency of blood type B, AB, and O in a population can be sought from the frequency distribution. In contrast, data from the frequency of blood type (phenotype) can be calculated magnitude of allele frequencies.

Migration
In the mathematical relationship between changes in allele frequency and rate of migration can be seen in the following equation:
pn - P = (po - P) (1 - m) n
pn = allele frequency in the population was observed after n generations of migrationP = the frequency of alleles in a population of migrantpo = the frequency of alleles in a population of early (before the migration)m = the rate of migrationn = number of generations
MutationThe mathematical relationship between mutation rate and the change in allele frequency can be formulated as in the following example. For example, in a population are alleles A and a, each with initial frequency po and qo. Mutations runs from A to A by the mutation rate of u. In contrast, the rate of mutation allele A into A is v. Thus, the A allele frequency changes due to mutations is Δp = vqo - upo, while the allele frequency changes are a result of mutations Δq = upo - vqo.When achieved a balance between the two directions of the mutation and Δq Δp value is 0. Therefore, vqo = upo, or general VQ = up. If this equation is documented, it will get p = v / (u + v) and q = u / (u + v).
 
 


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