A private automatic branch exchange (PABX) is an automatic telephone switching system within a private enterprise. Originally, such systems - called private branch exchanges (PBX) - required the use of a live operator. Since almost all private branch exchanges today are automatic, the abbreviation "PBX" usually implies a "PABX." .
Some manufacturers of PABX (PBX) systems distinguish their products from others by creating new kinds of private branch exchanges. Rolm offers a Computerized Branch Exchange (CABX) and Usha Informatics offers an Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange (EPABX).
A PBX (private branch exchange) is a telephone system within an enterprise that switches calls between enterprise users on local lines while allowing all users to share a certain number of external phone lines. The main purpose of a PBX is to save the cost of requiring a line for each user to the telephone company's central office.
The PBX is owned and operated by the enterprise rather than the telephone company (which may be a supplier or service provider, however). Private branch exchanges used analog technology originally. Today, PBXs use digital technology (digital signals are converted to analog for outside calls on the local loop using plain old telephone service (POTS ).
A PBX includes:
- Telephone trunk (multiple phone) lines that terminate at the PBX
- A computer with memory that manages the switching of the calls within the PBX and in and out of it
- The network of lines within the PBX
- A console or switchboard for a human operator (optional)
Lucent Technologies, Northern Telecom (NORTEL), Rolm/Siemens, NEC, GTE, Intecom, Fujitsu, Hitachi and Mitel are among the larger manufacturers of PBXs.
There’s no question the days of the desk phone and PBX phone systems are numbered, but are enterprises...
prepared to pull the plug? If not, enterprise businesses can still augment their traditional PBX phone systems with the latest trends in voice, mobile and unified communications (U C) technologies. To realize the full benefits of multi modal communications, IT departments and end users need to let go of the traditional telephony paradigm.
Which phone are you using these days? What phone will you be using in the future, especially when your phone system reaches end of life?
A few ideas actually need to be unpacked here, and that speaks to how much has changed around how, when and where we communicate in the workplace. It wasn’t that long ago that personal calls weren’t allowed at work. Before cell phones, you either had to get permission to make a personal call, or leave the office and find a pay phone. Workplace policies are far more relaxed now, and with all of us using mobile phones, it’s futile for IT departments to try to enforce these kinds of rules. My point is that mobile phones untethered us from the desk phone, and personal use situations are just the starting point.
Though the PBX has long been the locus of communication, it now has to compete with alternative ways of making phone calls and various unified comunication component like email , text , IM , media. The operative word here is “compete.” Email started the shift away from the desk phone to desktop , ushering in today’s use of multitude of communications tools—whether used in isolation or mixed together.
PBX phone systems and desk phones soldier on
The PBX has long been the gold standard for quality and reliability , for which businesses have paid a premium. This speaks to the primacy of telephony—and voice—for getting things done in the workplace.
Desk phones live on despite the explosion in disruptive comunication options over the past two to three years—including, tablets, mobile broadband , Web-based services like skype and Google Voice, soft phones, cloud/hosted communications services social media and the touch pad revolution started by the ipjone . Old habits die hard both for employees who are comfortable with desk phones, and IT managers who like the dependability of PBX systems and its long lifespan.
These new communication modes bring more choices and efficiencies to communications, and while this is welcome—especially among end users—it also brings tension and challenges for IT. New communication modes present an either/or scenario (a.k.a. competition) for the PBX. If the PBX is seen as diminishing the role of desk phone, business decision makers will start questioning the value of PBXs, especially with the high costs around it.
The Y2K scare in 1999 prompted a hefty bump in PBX purchases and upgrades to mitigate potential problems that never materialized. Although a PBX phone system’s lifespan can top out around seven years, most PBX phone systems can easily have a 10-15 year lifespan.
This brings me to the big question—if you’re reaching a PBX end-of-life decision, what are you going to do? There is so much more to explore, but as a starting point, here are some key questions and issues to help shape your thinking:
- Is your PBX phone system breaking down or simply reaching some functional limits? Many options exist to IP - eanable lecagy system and extend their life—or it may simply be time for a change.
- How closely are you following how employees use all these communications options? Have you considered doing an audit to better understand what’s really going on?
- Have you considered scenarios where your employees could effectively manage without desk phones? Have you asked them directly if they would consider such an option?
- Are you still using legacy PBX metrics as the basis for making decisions about your next telephony system?
- Are the demographics of your employees such that they could adapt their behaviors and move on from desk phones—and possibly even prefer it?
- If you could seriously consider not replacing your PBX, do you have a transition plan? Could all employees manage otherwise, or only some? What IT investments would be needed to support this plan? Would you consider shifting to a cloud base comunication enxironment ? Would you need to provide more wireless devices to employees?
Bottom line—the opportunity here sounds attractive at face value, but there is a lot to consider. IT needs to see this as a complementary evolution rather than a competition. There is plenty of room for the PBX to work in concert with other communication modes, which will only grow in utility.
X . I EPABX (Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange)
EPABX (Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange) : A private branch exchange (PBX) is a telephone exchange that serves a particular business or office, as opposed to one that a common carrier or telephone company operates for many businesses or for the general public. PBXs are also referred to as PABX – private automatic branch exchange and EPABX.
The electronic private automatic branch exchange (EPABX) is equipment that has made day-to-day working in the offices much simpler, especially in the area of communication.The feature of a call transferring and forwarding is another area enabling mobility of the users. Auto conferencing and automatic re dialling of numbers found engaged on the first trial are some of other advancements in the features of the E P B A X.
The EPABX may be defined as a switching system that makes available both internal and external stitching functions of any organisation.The selection of an EPBAX is a difficult task and requires deep knowledge of traffic pattern of the office. By using an EPABX both the internal and external needs of the organisation are fully served. With the advent of powerful microprocessors and advancements in the field of computers, the EPBAX can boast of versatile features. Hotline can be established between the boss and his immediate subordinates.
The selection of an EPBAX for an organisation should be preceded by a thorough study of the needs of the office. The exchange should be supporting features like voice DISA-n-auto attendant. This feature helps in doing away with a receptionist or an attendant. Further, the specifications should ensure inbuilt paging, auto fax homing, hot outward dialing, remote dialing, remote servicing and auto shut dynamic lock.
X . II IVR ( Interactive voice Response ) or call center dynamic
IVR : Manu Info Solutions (MIS) is a proven leader in the development of computer telephony solutions including interactive voice response (Interactive Voice Response) products and services.
MIS provides the following interactive voice response solutions:
- Interactive Voice Response Systems – Complete analog and digital Interactive Voice Response phone systems.
- Interactive Voice Response Software – Interactive Voice Response application development software solutions.
- Interactive Voice Response Programming – Interactive Voice Response development by our experienced staff.
- Interactive Voice Response Services – Complete Interactive Voice Response outsourcing services at our secure call center.
- Interactive Voice Response Applications – Full set of Interactive Voice Response phone applications.
Custom Interactive Voice Response Program Development
The MIS development team uses the systems approach when creating Interactive Voice Response applications. The following are the basic functions performed by our experienced team of professional managers and developers using this Interactive Voice Response Design Process:- Interactive Voice Response Consulting – Initial Interactive Voice Response application feasibility study
- Interactive Voice Response Design – Create a design specification of the application
- Interactive Voice Response Development – Organize a development team and assign tasks
- Interactive Voice Response Programming – Perform actual coding of the Interactive Voice Response application
- Interactive Voice Response Testing – Test the Interactive Voice Response application prior to going live
- Interactive Voice Response Implementation – install the Interactive Voice Response program in a live environment
- Interactive Voice Response Management – maintain and enhance the ongoing Interactive Voice Response program
Interactive Voice Response Systems
MIS offers both an affordable and expandable Interactive Voice Response phone system. This solution includes a modern Windows PC with Dialogic computer telephony cards. When combined with our extensive Interactive Voice Response software, these phone systems can perform both inbound call distribution as well as outbound calling campaigns – concurrently.
Interactive Voice Response Software
MIS has created a comprehensive Interactive Voice Response software development library that can be used to create virtually any phone application. Our easy to use interactive voice response software leads you step by step through the design and production of your custom phone applications.Interactive Voice Response Programming Services
MIS offers complete Interactive Voice Response development and programming services and Interactive Voice Response application design and development. From simple to complex phone applications,MIS personnel can design, develop, test and implement your phone campaign quickly and have your phone program in place with a minimal amount of time.
X . III past project
The museum staff is currently restoring a Western Electric Dial PBX and
an International line truck. These exhibits will be added to the
museum’s existing collections.
The model 750A Dial PBX is an all-relay PBX switching apparatus. Our volunteers have removed the old cable stubs and cleaned the dust and grime out of the cabinet. The equipment has been powered up and the dial tone circuit has been repaired is now functional. This amazing accomplishment was achieved in a very short time and without adequate documentation.
The Dial 750A PBX was manufactured in two sizes. One version was an eight-line, two trunk system the other a 15-line and 3-trunk system. Calls can be dialed through the switch and incoming calls also can be completed.
The type 205 as seen on the left in the photo is a specialized telephone set that equipped with a dial and a five button mechanical locking key. The buttons were two or three trunks, a hold and an intercom. A typical 6-button set, as seen on the right, can be modified to work with the Dial 750A PBX.
1955 International Bell System Line Truck ( Mc queen )
Ready for Transport
Waiting on Spring
Six years later
We have made considerable progress on the line truck over the past 6 years. We’ve completely rewired it, had the gas tank boiled, flushed the block, rebuilt the hydrovac and brakes, replaced the exhaust from the manifold on, recovered the bench seat, replaced many a rusty bolt and nut, several instances of body work, new tires, painted wheels, primed the body with rust killer and given it at least two coats of paint, and have let it run for a bit. Some things left to do include replacing the flywheel, additional fiberglass/anti-rust detail, clean up and detail the cargo areas, replace the glass and channel felts, wire brush/prime/paint the boom, pull out the wench line, inspect it and reel it back in nice and cleanly .. and much more.Our intent in 2004 was to restore the truck and use it to publicize the museum at automotive shows and in parades and eventually have it displayed at our museum here in Seattle. Restoration proceeded slower than anticipated, however, due not only to the distance from Seattle but also because local weather conditions (North Bend is in the foothills of the Cascade Mountains) made work on the truck impossible for much of the year.
After Curator Don Ostrand’s death, we evaluated the project and realized that it wasn’t practical to continue and we began to search for a new owner. Museum volunteer Dale Thompson headed the effort and made a successful outreach to the Lemay Family Collection of Tacoma, Washington. In April 2015, representatives of the Lemay Family Collection took possession of the truck with plans to display it at their museum. We are tremendously thankful to both Dale and to the Lemay Family for the smooth ownership transfer and we look forward to visiting the truck at its new home.
X . IIII basic concepts and theories PABX
Private Automatic Branch eXchange (PABX)Is a small central PABX that is used in a limited environment, which is the center of a network peripheral communications equipment. The number of connections (extension) that can be managed depending on the capacity of the PABX extension for own . for connect with customers who are outside the PABX, the PABX is equipped with a trunk. Generally installed in offices, hotels, hospitals or factories that use the telephone as a means of communication for inter-office relationships. Each phone is not directly connected to the central hub, but through a PABX.Broadly speaking there are two levels of PABX, the PABX and PABX Trunk level at the customer level. PABX Trunk is connected to the central level with four high-speed wire to pass the digital signal, and the PABX is already able to carry out most of the tasks of the central. While PABX at the customer level is connected to a central two-wire analog telephone as usual. There are some hardware to support the PABX system. The devices each mutual support between each other.
Such devices are usually referred to as sub-systems or modules. And connecting the modules to one another is a parent of the modules so that they can become an organized and coordinated system. This is the parent liaison motherboard or Black plane. All the connection process will be through the motherboard. Conditions occur such as: interfacing with the UP-BUS, integration into all modules with ST BUS and interfacing with the outlet carried on the motherboard.
Type and Type PABX
1. PABX PABX DIGITAL is the best use for extensionnya digital, digital aircraft generally has supported some features such as Call Conference, Party, etc. have the keys line / flexsibel Buton, digital air can only be used / PABX paired with the same brand / type digital air itself.
2. ANALOG PABX is a PABX that supports only the best regular phone (such as home phone) opposite of Digital PABX, its generally very simple.
3. Hybrid PABX is a PABX that can use Digital and Analog Phone to the port-extensionnya.
Function Of PABX
Basically all digital PABX has the same functional group, but these functions are implemented and regulated in a different way in a variety of systems. The main element is usually found in the PABX illustrated in the following figure:
Port data or voice provided by line cards, which generally supports 8 or 16 lines per card. A trunk (usually requiring two ports each line of his or her equivalent) supplied by the trunk card, has 4 or 8 trunk per card. The system must be able to support analog and digital line and some type of trunk that allows central to the public. Switching Network may be run by a high-speed bus or a circuit switch or both.One or two have a system of circuit switching and packet switching sub-systems. Circuit
switch matrix is a division of time and space, since a only one
standard 32 channel PCM system does not provide sufficient space for the
PABX. Common
Services Unit provides the resources needed all parts of the PABX
system which includes several services such as signal generators and
signal detector. Control unit contains a central processing unit (CPU) to a PABX, to run the program ang control the overall system. All control program and related customer data stored in RAM or ROM in a main control very complex. In common equipment (for medium to large PABX) and the central
processor unit of service should be duplicated with automatic
switch over.It is important to ensure that the system knows when an automatic switch occurs to the backup unit.classification PABX
a. In general, private central classification is as follows: • PMBX (Private Manual Branch eXchange): in some of the old company still called PMBX, which uses the company's employees as splicing operator manual that every call using the manual switchboard.• PABX (Private Automatic Branch eXchange): is a tool exchange operation of the phone used to penyambungantelepon between sesame channels within and between PSTN channel and the channel. A PBX can choose route calls without manual intervention, based on all the numbers pressed.• EPABX (Electronic Private Automatic Branch eXchange): EPABX is a PABX system was built using the signal and control electronic switching (to distinguish them from some basic design relay old) • PNX (Packet Network Exchange): a point of connection of communication that combines PBX and VoIP functionality.• KTS (Key Telephone System): KTS is a smaller version of a PBX that provides direct access to the STO. b. Judging from the absence DID PABX is divided into: ● PABX facilities DID (Direct Inward Dialing), namely the relationship of the outside PABX to PABX extension in place automatically. ● PABX without DID facility that is the relation of the outside PABX with the extension should dial PABX.c. When viewed from the trunk to PABX can be divided into two, namely: ● PABX with hunting PABX system Dialing numbers with just one number● PABX without hunting systemPABX dialing a number a number as its parent channel.
Types • Regular Hunting Hunting This hunting types ranging from members indicated by digit for dial and serially search for other members who are idle. If no idle members of the hunting will be done on secondary group • Circular Hunting Similar to the regular hunting, hunting circular from the source to whom the digit for dial and sequential search for other members. For example, there are 10 members and digits for dial shows the number of customers in the member 3, the hunting will begin on member 3rd If no member is idle until the last member group that, then hunting will start again from the first member to member all 3 then switch to the 2nd group. • UCD and GUCD Both types of hunting are intended to contain the spread evenly call on all members. This type of hunting most commonly used for terminating calls. The difference between the two is how the beginning of the members selected. a. For UCD, hunting from a randomly selected member of the group and continue as normal circular hunting b. For GUCD, hunting starters determined • 2WF and 2WB type of hunting is hunting in a linear manner, generally used for two-way traffic in order to avoid the use lanes simultaneously. Differences hunting small 2WF starting from member to member strong, while hunting 2WB beginning of the end members to the initial members. • Hunting ANNC's GUCD hunting type, but is used for terminating Announcement to measure the ability PABX PABX capability can be seen based on things below. 1. The capacity of the PABX port which is a measure the number of channels (trunk or phone) which can be connected to the PABX. Each connection is central to the public through a channel trunk, made of the number of communication links which can be connected simultaneously. 2. The ability to expand, PABX manufacturers should have thought to develop products and development undertaken to develop its products and development being done can be applied to products which prior to upgrading old equipment, so its ability to grow. 3. Discussion at the same time another measure of the ability of the PBX is the amount of communication / conversation simultaneously (simultaneous communications) that can be handled at a time. This may include voice communication, data communication, or both. 4. Blocking Blocking can occur if the PBX capabilities in handling simultaneous conversations already achieved / maximum. Blocking can also occur if at the time when the relationship turns trunk is full. PABX functions can be applied to ISDN and non-ISDN customers. Non ISDN PABX devices connected to the central office via analog telephone lines and trunk channel. ISDN PABX equipment has characteristic -functioning ISDN service connected with the central office via ISDN B channels. Channel B can be either ISDN BRA or PRA customers. Customers BRA connect one channel to the customer while PRA is capable of connecting to many customers. enis other PABX PABX called the End User. PABX subscriber does not need any customer's PABX in place, so as a channel of regular customers who are members of the parent disentral PABX only. Network Configuration PABXThe existing network configuration to the central telephone exchange PABX parent with the same in principle. However, at the central PABX typically used Jarlokat with access direct supply. Direct access here means supply is among the central PABX with devices connected directly, without passing through the house wiring. It is applied in view of the distance between the central device as customers are still in short distance. In accordance with its function as paralel switch , of course, the channels provided by the central office are not as many telephone devices are available after passing the central PABX. As a media liaison between the central PABX with a device commonly used is copper wire cables, in addition to easily available in the market for things to be taken into consideration is easy to maintain and flexible in its construction.
Figure : simple picture PABX
PABX - For starters this time I will discuss about what it PABX, okay immediately wrote.PABX (Private Automatic Branch eXchange) or now called PBX (Private Branch eXchange) is an electronic device that functions ascentral role in it as a regulator, connector, successors, or connecting room with one another, both internally and externally connected directly with each extension with a capacity of more than 2 branches using a console in the form of telephone, fax machine, or other device by the intermediary of a cable.
In general the PABX is connected to a public telecommunications service providers, or what we call Telkom, so that with the PABX / PBX maximizes the use line telecoms and telephone functions. With PABX / PBX one line telecoms not only be used one call alone but rather, in accordance with the wishes extension depending on the number provided and programs or settings used.usefulnessBesides being used to maximize the use of line telecoms and functions of telecom PABX / PBX also aims to save costs, due to a PABX, communication between the room (extension to extension) does not wear cost telecommunications services public, other than that as already explained above, with PABX each line telecoms could be divided into the whole extension (branch). Because it has a very important role, PABX / PBX widely used in buildings, offices, hotels, shops, schools and other large buildings.Wide and PABX typePABX / PBX can be divided into several types based system works.
Digital PABX PABX system of this type has utput (output) in the form of digital data, and usually requires two pair telephone cable types (content 4 wire). Because output form of digital data, it needs to be converted into analog signals such as voice, thus requiring special plane which is usually called key telephone. The key difference with telephone calls in general that is located on the features that can be used for setting / programming PABX or which are usually used for the operator.
PABX Analog
PABX this type have kluaran form of analog signals, so it is quite simply using a 2-wire telephone cable contents alone, it can be used to activate the phone SLT (Single Line Telephone) or phone in general.
Hybrid PABX
PABX is a combination of digital and analog system so that it can use a digital phone / key telephone or analog / SLT (Single Line Telephone)
IP PABX
PABX PABX this type is the latest generation, because in addition to using the hybrid system in it, PABX system is also using technology based communication Internet Protocol (IP) which controls extension analog telephone (TDM) and IP Phone extensions.
Brand and Type PABXThere are so many kinds of brands and types of PABX on the market, Panasonic and Nec two famous brands PABX devices are widely used by the people. Panasonic itself there are several series, such as the A Series for the A 1232, A 3264 and A 512. Then there is HB Series, HT Series, Series N, VB9, XH, TDA, TD, TDN, TDE, DBS, and NCP. Each has a series of technical specifications and features are different. While Nec provide various series, such as the NEAX Series, ASPILA Ex, IPS Series, SL 1000, ASPILA Topaz, SV 8500, SV 8300 and SV 8100. In addition many analog PABX brands on the market such as favorite, Sahitel, verophone, soho, je, phana phone, etc.
Other electronics manufacturer that also produces PABX is Toshiba, LG's series Ldk LP, Aria Soho, Samsung, and Nitsuko for the TX series 308. In addition, there is also the brand Avaya, Nortel, Lucent, Transtel, Philips, Siemens, Alcatel's series Oxo Lite 32, and 48. for Transtel issued a series TDS 160, TDS 640, TDS 320 and TDS 1280. Siemens Hipath series issued for some type, such as 1150, 1190, 3500, 4000, 1120, and 3800.
X . IIIII supporting the theory of fiber optic E PABX waiting to replace wires into fiber optic cable
Installing Fiber Optic
Installation Fiber Optic Network for Data Center Backbone, CCTV, Plantation, Mining, Indoor and Outdoor Installation of fiber optics.
Installation of Fiber Optic Cable Network, FTTH (fiber to the home), Data Center, Data Backbone Cabling, Fiber optic for Plantation, Mining, installation of IP CCTV, PABX (VOIP / data center).We provide solutions Fiber Optic Network with Cheap Price and Quality Prima. Professionals who have been handling various kinds of fiber optic networks for a wide range of Government and Private Agencies. Starting from Plantation, Mining, Office Building, Apartment, school, etc.fiber OpticsUnderstanding Fiber Optics (fiber optic) and History of Fiber optics (fiber optic):In terms of fiber optic cable, cable Fiber optic is a single type of fiber optic cable (fiber optic) made of glass or plastic type that is very smooth and smaller than a strand of hair, and the function of fiber optic cable (fiber optic) and uses fiber applied optics to transmit light signals from one place to another. The light source used is usually a laser. fiber optic cable or fiber-optic cables have a diameter of approximately 120 micrometers. Speed fiber-optic cable can reach 10Gbps. Fiber-optic communications (fiber optic) has become a means of transmitting vital today.
The efficiency of the fiber optic cable is determined by the purity of the constituents of the glass / glass. The more pure glass material, the less light is absorbed by the fiber optic cable. Today the price of fiber optic (fiber optic) is relatively cheap and can trigger the use of fiber optic cable backbone network (fiber optic) massively. Shortage of fiber optic (fiber optic) for data communication is almost non-existent. Fiber optic or fiber-optic network will play a major role for the future of information communication. Talk future communication technology definitely neighbor optical fiber (optic) as the backbone of future information communication network.
Technology development of fiber optic cable (fiber optic network) until recently, has been able to generate attenuation (attenuation) of less than 2 0 decibels (dB) / km. With a track width (bandwidth) is large so that the ability to transmit data becomes more and faster compared with the use of conventional cable such as UTP cables, where it is compared with the advantages of fiber optic cable UTP. Thus the fiber optic cable is suitable for use primarily in applications of data telecommunication systems. In principle, the fiber optic cable to reflect and refract a light propagating therein. With the installation of fiber-optic (fiber optic) the right to be generated back bone fiber optic network for data communication immense. The function of the optical fiber and optical fiber excess is what causes why the fiber optic cable is widely used in the world of communication, including the Internet world of fiber optics.
Today different types of fiber optic cable (fiber optic type) is used to send signals to the worldwide Internet. Optic optic cable is also widely used in media communications for the sensors (fiber optic sensor). The workings of the optical fiber and optical fiber working principle is to rely on the media light. How to install an optical fiber (optical fiber splicing method) which really determine the size db loss that occurs in the transmission fiber optic cable. How to install fiber optic cable that will actually output db loss become smaller and causes fiber optic network will send data to the fullest. Quality fiber optic cable and optical fiber installation is also largely determine the price of fiber optics. Application of optical fiber can be connected perfectly when connect with an appropriate optical fiber specification. In optical fiber communication system (fiber optic) fiber optic cable price is also determined by its small large number of cores we need.Fiber optic or fiber optic media is the most advanced in terms of data transmission. Currently fiber optic Indonesia (fiber optic Indonesia) has been able to produce and sell optical fiber cable (fiber optic). Based on the technology of optical fiber, cable F O (fiber optic cable) made of glass wrapped in a protective skin that serves as protector F O fragile glass materials. Mode fiber optic consists of a single mode optical fiber and multi-mode optical fiber (multi-mode fiber optic), which distinguishes them is the size of the diameter of the glass fiber optic cable. As for fiber optic patch is usually used as a link (optical fiber splicing) with the media converter. Fiber optic cable termination technique that uses no glue technique a poxy and termination of fiber optic splicing techniques. Both kinds of fiber optic termination has the same connection quality. What distinguishes multi mode fiber cable and multi mode fiber optic (fiber optic) is in terms of data transmission distance. A fiber optic cable types single mode (single mode optical fiber) can send the data farther than the type of multi mode fiber cable. To connect to the fiber optic media converter (fiber optic transmitter) is required fiber optic connector (optical fiber connector).
fiber optic cable
Fiber To The Home (FTTH)Fiber To The Home (FTTH) is organizing fiber optic cable network that reaches up to the point of customer, also known as customer premise. Very different from the conventional optical fiber cable network which requires a two-core fiber optic cable to transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) data is information that is passed, then the FTTH used quite simply one core only fiber optic cable to the Tx and Rx. This is possible by using different wavelengths of light technology used in Tx and Rx. The technology used is known as PON (Passive Optical Network). In the PON technology standardization, there are two internationally renowned institutions of different base development. ITU (International Telecommunication Union) with a base of telecommunication technology standardizes the first Apon, A refers ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and grow today as GPON. Gigabit Capable Passive Optical Network (GPON) technology node is the access necessary to deliver multimedia services (voice, data, video and other content-content) for residential and business customers.
GPON is based FTTx technology, which can be:FTTH (Fiber to the Home)FTTZ (Fiber to the Zone)FTTB (Fiber to the Building)FTTC (Fiber to the Curb)FTTT (Fiber to the Tower)While the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering) standardizes the first time of data communication technology as EPON, E for Ethernet which later evolved into GEPON.Summary Fiber Optic:• History of Fiber Optics• Fiber Optic Communication Systems• The quality of fiber optic connections• Fiber Optic Cables are resistant to electromagnetic wave interference or Lightning• Fiber Optic Cable Technology Advancement• Fiber Optic Cables Could Reaching Hundreds of Kilometers• Fiber Optic Cable is the Internet Backbone Network Throughout The World• Fiber optic technology applied to long-distance telephone and industrial automation with remote control• A fiber optic cable is made of glass fibers that are designed approximately equal to the thickness of a human hair• Type of fiber optic cable and optical fiber devices based mode (Multi mode and Single mode)• Fiber Optic Cables can reach long distances because of using the media light to send signals from one point to another• The advantages of using fiber optic cable / optical / optics / optical fiber optic cable for data communication world
X . IIIIIII FIBER OPTIC CABLE COPPER VERSUS
The stock OPTICAL FIBER CABLE COPPERMaybe friends ever knew or heard about fiber optic and copper cables, well this time we discuss about the second.1. Fiber opticFiber Optic is one of the media types of data transfer in computer networks. Brief shape such as a cable, but the cable is different from others because of this media to transfer data in the form of light. Required for using the fiber optic network cards that have the type of connector ST (ST connector).
The advantages of fiber optic cable other than the media is in terms of data transfer speed is very high. Besides fiber optic capable of transferring data at a considerable distance 2500 meters without the help of the repeater. Another plus is resistant to interference from stray frequencies that exist along the installation path.
The weakness of existing fiber optic to the high level of difficulty of the installation process and the high prices of these fiber optic cables. Given ni media uses light waves to transmit data, fiber optic can not be installed in the path turn sharply or angled. If forced to turn, it should bend the curve.
figure : the appearance of fiber optic cable
Copper cableCopper cable are: cables with copper conductor and is often used in the installation of electrical power and control tools, so it is usually called the cable installation
There are two types of copper cabling based conducting material, function and composition of isolationThe characteristics of copper cable-based materials penghantarnya:
solid shape and veined many
material from pure aluminum and mixtures
the characteristics and composition of copper cable insulation function:
for the purposes of residential electrical installation, air installation of electronics, power and distribution panel
using PVC and XLPE insulation
There are three main points of the cable are:
Conductor: is a material to conduct electricity
Isolator : a dielectric material to isolation of conductive with each other and also to the environment.
The outer shield: a shielding material cable from mechanical damage, the effect of chemicals elektrolysis, fire or other outside influences that harm.
The advantages of this cable include low cost, easy installation, easy to obtain, and flexible, using a single medium for all.
Copper Cable drawback is susceptible to electrical and radio frequency interference, can not transmit light signals, and with bandwith small capacity.
Optical fiber is the latest technology in the cable or cable system that allows to gain more profits. However, two different types actually have several different varieties to use either in the office or residential areas. If you want to know more about the differences of the two cables, you should read this article properly.
Let us have a better understanding on the basic information of the copper wires. This is an older type of cable that has been used for over a hundred years in several different systems. You will find this traditional wiring is used as a telephone cable, speaker cable systems, as well as computer wire.
How about the one fiber optic?This new technology provides a few strands of plastic or glass to transmit information. It also transmits data in the form of light instead of electricity. Slightly different from copper cable, fiber optics can not transmit electricity. However, the cable type offers higher performance theoretically.
While other types consist of plastic or glass strands, copper cable contains a single thread of copper. The size will be very different based on the purpose of the cable. It can be thin or small in size, but you can also find some kind that comes in a large size thick arms. They sometimes covered with metal cover other types.
In addition, two types of cables also have different resistance against the interface.
Copper cable is usually quite weak for some kind of signal interface, such as that of a mobile phone or microwave. Therefore, it should not operate or use a device that may trigger interface. However, you will not find a particular problem when using fiber optic cable.
There are several different benefits offered by these two different cables.
May find some risks interface of the copper wiring, but it would be a good choice if looking for cheap products for some of the needs of the home. Meanwhile, it will get great comfort from the fiber optics because it can transmit multi-channel audio through a single path. This capability also makes certain very popular cable for wiring a home theater system. However, the need to pay more money to buy it.
X . IIIIIIII PABX with FIBER OPTIC
Fiber To The Home (FTTH) is organizing fiber optic cable network that reaches up to the point of customer, also known as customer premise. Very different from the conventional optical fiber cable network which requires a two-core fiber optic cable to transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) data is information that is passed, then the FTTH used quite simply one core only fiber optic cable to the Tx and Rx. This is possible by using different wavelengths of light technology used in Tx and Rx. The technology used is known as PON (Passive Optical Network). In the PON technology standardization, there are two internationally renowned institutions of different base development. ITU (International Telecommunication Union) with a base of telecommunication technology standardizes the first Apon, A refers ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and grow today as GPON. Gigabit Capable Passive Optical Network (GPON) technology node is the access necessary to deliver multimedia services (voice, data, video and other content-content) for residential and business customers.
X . IIIIIIII Optic Fibre Lighting
Optic Fibre & LED Lighting Solutions welcome you to the new and innovative digital electronic age of lighting in 2008. This is a very exciting time to be involved in the lighting industry, as we believe both LED and Fibre Optic lighting technologies have and will continue to revolutionise the lighting industry forever. The power of light and its effects on a place or space has the ability to change our perception, emotion and state of mind.
Fibre Optic Lighting have everything we need for great lighting. They have all of your needs covered and like we've already said, it doesn't matter whether you are a professional or a non-professional. Everything you need for great lighting is now .
example Side sparkle fibre cable
Side sparkle fibre cable is an innovating fibre optic lighting product designed for decorative lighting applications such as curtains, chandeliers, window displays, multi-sensory environments and feature lighting.
Its revolutionary design uses advanced LASER
technology to chip the fibres along its length during the manufacturing
process which results in an amazing ‘sparkle’ effect once the cable is
illuminated.
Each cable consists of multiple 0.75mm side sparkle
fibres within a clear protective outer jacket. This protective jacket is
UV stabilized and is suitable for both interior and exterior
applications.
Specifications
| TL7503 | Contains 3 x 0.75mm chipped fibres |
| UV stabilised clear PVC jacket | |
| TL7514 | Contains 14 x 0.75mm chipped fibres |
| UV stabilised clear PVC jacket |
Typical Applications
• Chandeliers
• Curtains/Screens
• Window displays
• Feature lighting
• Curtains/Screens
• Window displays
• Feature lighting
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